Combined electrochemical and biological treatment of industrial wastewater using porous electrodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ and propylene glycol methyl ether were simultaneously removed from simulated wastewater in a column consisting of an aerated packed bed and an electrochemical cell with a porous aluminium foam cathode and a porous stainless steel anode. After 48 h of sole electrochemical treatment at a liquid rate of 0.00183 m 3 m −2 s −1 , Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ were reduced by 95 and 80% respectively. In the turbulent flow regime with liquid rates varied from 0.0137 to 0.0366 m 3 m −2 s −1 , both Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ removal decreased by about 15% rather than increased as expected for a mass transfer‐controlled process. This can be attributed to bubble formation at the cathode surface under turbulent flow, which led to a lower active surface area for the electrodeposition of metal ions. Porous electrodes enhanced the metal removal by 17 and 60% for Zn 2+ and Ni 2+ respectively as compared with flat plate electrodes. Using combined biological and electrochemical treatment at a water rate of 0.00183 m 3 m −2 s −1 and an air rate of 0.0518 m 3 m −2 s −1 , 99% of Zn 2+ and 95% of Ni 2+ were removed. In addition, the 5 day biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) was reduced by 58% concurrently over 72 h of treatment. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".