Migration of juvenile American eels Anguilla rostrata between freshwater and estuary, as revealed by otolith microchemistry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The temporal patterns in the otolith Sr:Ca ratios of yellow-phase American eels Anguilla rostrata from the East River, Chester, on the Atlantic coast of Nova Scotia, Canada, indicated variable patterns of migration between river and estuarine/marine waters.About 29% of yellow eels (n = 107) had a history of migration between river and estuary other than their initial entry.Male and sexually undifferentiated eels, potentially mostly male, comprised 96% of the sample and females comprised 4%, but the proportions of migratory and non-migratory eels did not vary by sex or development stage.Most migrants (81%) made only 1 round trip, while 19% made 2 round trips.Yellow eels with a migratory history were patchily distributed, with most (84%) concentrated 9.4 km upriver.About 36% of yellow eels showed a check (false annulus) corresponding with a habitat transition from estuary to river, while for 16% of yellow eels the check occurred during the initial freshwater entry as an elver.Otolith checks not associated with a habitat transition occurred for 22% of yellow eels, primarily at intermediate ages.Mean lengths-at-age were higher for eels with a history of primarily estuarine growth than for eels of primarily freshwater growth, as were annual growth rates (26.6 versus 21.7 mm yr -1 ).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".