Bibliographic record
Abstract
Jeddah, Jiddah, Jadda or Juddah, also known as the bride of the Red Sea, the port of the two holy cities, the gateway to the city of Makkah and main seaport of contemporary Saudi Arabia, is located on the coast of the Red Sea. Its historic core, known as al-Balad district, is the historic quarter of the city that has been preserved since the city was established in 646 AD. The historical values of old Jeddah date back to 250 BC, but the interesting thing about the history of the city is that it developed in both the pre-Islamic and the Islamic eras. However, at the beginning of the 16th century the city was attacked by Portuguese troops several times and by some Bedouins, who destroyed most of the city. As a response to these threats the Mamluk Sultan Al-Ghori ordered to build a fortified wall surroundings the city to protect it in 1509. This wall was the first documented attempt to protect the city since its establishment. Many experts believe that the city wall was the reason for the existence of the historic district “al-Balad” until the present. Nowadays, Jeddah’s historic core is acting as a catalyst for different types of built heritage conservation discourses in Saudi Arabia by different stakeholders by trying to inscribe the site as world heritage site at UNESCO. Therefore, how the city wall was the corner stone of preservation the city legacy “heritage”? And why the old city of Jeddah became a historic site candidate to be a world heritage site at UNESCO? In terms of achieving the paper aims, the author will consult the Saudi available literature in the field, official reports and the author will conduct surveys and observations to the old city of Jeddah.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".