An Investigation of Free Radical Copolymerization Kinetics of the Bio‐renewable Monomer <i>γ</i>‐Methyl‐<i>α</i>‐methylene‐<i>γ</i>‐butyrolactone with Methyl methacrylate and Styrene
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The free‐radical copolymerization propagation kinetics of the bio‐renewable monomer γ ‐methyl‐ α ‐methylene‐ γ ‐butyrolactone (MeMBL) with styrene (ST) and with methyl methacrylate (MMA) have been investigated by the pulsed laser polymerization (PLP)—size exclusion chromatography (SEC) technique, in addition to DSC and proton NMR measurements. Monomer reactivity ratios for bulk MeMBL/ST and MeMBL/MMA copolymerizations are r MeMBL = 0.80 ± 0.04 and r ST = 0.34 ± 0.04 and r MeMBL = 3.0 ± 0.3 and r MMA = 0.33 ± 0.01, respectively, with no significant variation with temperature found between 22 and 90 °C. The implicit penultimate unit effect (IPUE) model best represents the composition‐averaged copolymerization propagation rate coefficient, k p,cop for the MeMBL/ST system. Arrhenius parameters were estimated for MeMBL homopolymerization and found to be quite similar to those of MMA. DSC results show that copolymers of well controlled composition can be produced to suit specific T g requirements over a much higher temperature range than possible with current acrylic glasses. magnified image
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it