PAIGE RAIBMON. Authentic Indians: Episodes of Encounter from the Late-Nineteenth-Century Northwest Coast. (A John Hope Franklin Center Book.) Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press. 2005. Pp. xv, 307. Cloth $79.95, paper $22.95
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the summer of 1999 the international media streamed images of Makah hunters, Aboriginal peoples of the northwest tip of the lower forty-eight states, as they attempted to harpoon a Grey whale and then finish the kill with a gun. Outraged citizens of both the United States and Canada vented their contempt for the Makah in newspapers and on radio, focusing on the inauthenticity of their use of guns and motorboats. The 1855 treaty, which reserved Makah rights to whale hunting, was dismissed as insignificant in relation to the demands of moving into the twentieth century. This episode is the opening salvo in Paige Raibmon's fascinating account of the use of the idea of authenticity in the colonial domination of Aboriginal peoples in the American Pacific Northwest. Raibmon shows why the response in 1999 is but a recent manifestation in the history of white imaginations of the authentic Indian in ways that limit claims to resources, land, and sovereignty. Raibmon's project is not so much a documentation of public policy or legal decisions, although these are considered, but the examination of the creation of a hegemonic view within which the general public, legislators, and jurors worked. Aboriginal peoples themselves, she demonstrates, trapped within a structure of power, collaborated unequally in the creation of a notion of authenticity, a powerful yet unstable yardstick. She clarifies that by authenticity she means colonially defined notions, not “purity or timeless tradition” (p. 212, n. 13).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".