A CMOS Low-Power Cross-Coupled Immittance-Converter Transimpedance Amplifier
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter presents a low-power transimpedance amplifier (TIA) that employs an immittance converter, which provides both a negative input resistance to increase the input pole frequency and a negative inductance to improve the circuit stability. These allow for a significant bandwidth enhancement with low power consumption. Two TIAs, TIA1 with 6 GHz and TIA2 with 8.8 GHz 3 dB bandwidths, were fabricated in a standard 0.13- μm CMOS technology and were designed to operate with a 250 fF photodiode capacitance at 10 Gb/s. The transimpedance gains of the single-stage TIAs, followed by near-unity-gain output-matching buffers, are ~ 54 dBΩ, the group-delay variations and average input-referred noise currents are ±3 ps and 24 pA/√{Hz} (TIA1) and ±70 ps and 28 pA/√{Hz} (TIA2) over their 3 dB bandwidths. The TIAs occupy an active area of 250 μm× 160 μm, and without the output-matching buffer each consumes 2 mW.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".