BUCKLING AND POSTBUCKLING ANALYSIS OF MULTI-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES BASED ON THE CONTINUUM SHELL MODEL
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Buckling and postbuckling behaviors of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) under a compressive force are studied. MWCNTs are modeled by Donnell's shallow shell nonlinear theory with the allowance of van der Waals (vdW) interaction between the walls. It is shown herein that the buckling load decreases while the buckling strain increases as the innermost radius of MWCNT increases. For the postbuckling behavior, the shortening-load curves show an initial steep gradient that gradually level up when the radius of the innermost tube changes from a small value to a large value. However, the deflection-load curves are almost level for various radii of MWCNTs. In addition, the analytical results showed that the shortening-load curves are almost linear but the deflection-load curves are nonlinear and the stability of MWCNTs can be enhanced by adding tubes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".