Long-Term Tensile Properties of Tension-Free Vaginal Tape, Suprapubic Arc Sling System and Urethral Sling in an In Vivo Rat Model
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Slings have gained widespread popularity for stress urinary incontinence. Commonly used sling materials include TVT, SPARC and Stratasis. To our knowledge no long-term comparative in vivo studies assessing the tensile strength of these materials have been reported. We examined tensile properties during a 1-year period after in vivo implantation in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats had 1 x 2 cm strips of TVT, SPARC and Stratasis implanted on the inner abdominal wall. The animals were grouped for sacrifice at 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, at which time the tape materials along with their associated fibrotic tissue were removed. Tensile properties were analyzed. RESULTS: The initial control mean break load for TVT, SPARC and Statasis was 0.717, 0.453 and 0.298 kg, respectively (p=0.001). At 6 weeks, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 months TVT had a mean break load of 0.525, 0.678, 0.696, 0.568 and 0.522 kg, respectively. During the same intervals SPARC had a mean break load of 0.516, 0.596, 0.450, 0.514 and 0.496 kg, respectively. Stratasis had a mean break load of 0.147, 0.183, 0.132, 0.062 and 0.070 kg, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: TVT has tensile properties comparable to those of SPARC and each is superior to Stratasis. These differences in tensile properties of the mesh material along with the fibrous reaction may have clinical implications in terms of the success of pubovaginal slings made with such materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".