Spatial attentional cuing effects on emotional evaluation of faces
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Faces seen as distractors in visual search arrays are subsequently rated as less trustworthy than faces previously seen as search targets (Raymond, et al., 2004, VSS). Similarly, task-irrelevant faces associated with no-go cues in a simple reaction time task are seen as less trustworthy than faces not so associated (Fenske, et al. 2003, VSS). A possible mechanism for this attentional control over emotional evaluation may be a persistent effect of attentional inhibition. Here we ask whether brief spatial cues presented to the left or right of a fixation spot just prior to the presentation of a target face (presented to the left or right) would modulate the social-emotional evaluation of the face. After viewing a simple cue, participants categorized the gender of the face as quickly as possible and then rated the face for its trustworthiness. The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between cue and target face was varied; cues were presented at a location that was the same as (valid) or opposite to (invalid) that of the target. For faces presented on the left, gender categorisation response times (RT) were faster with valid v. invalid cues for all SOAs. For faces seen on the right, this cuing benefit was only seen for short SOAs. For long SOAs, RT was faster with invalid cues, indicating inhibition of return (IOR). Trustworthy ratings of faces presented on the left were unaffected by cues for any SOA. Similarly, for faces presented on the right, cues had no effect on ratings for short SOAs. However, for long SOAs (producing IOR), validly cued faces were rated as significantly less trustworthy than invalidly cued faces. These results indicate that the inhibitory processes underlying IOR have consequences for the social-emotional evaluation of stimuli and are therefore consistent with previous accounts that persistent attentional inhibition can modulate affective responses. These data also suggest that attentional facilitation has no impact on affective appraisal.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".