Vaginal Radical Trachelectomy in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer: The Role of Frozen Section
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vaginal radical trachelectomy (VRT) is a new, alternative surgical procedure to radical hysterectomy for early stage invasive cervical carcinoma in women who desire to preserve fertility. The specimen includes the cervix, parametria, and the vaginal cuff. This study was designed to determine the indications and the best method for evaluating the resection margins of VRT specimens intraoperatively by frozen-section examination. We reviewed 61 VRT specimens planned between October 1991 and January 2002 in our center. A complementary radical hysterectomy is recommended when the tumor extends to within <5 mm of the margin. Of 61 patients, 56 were eligible (5 excluded; 53 VRT and 3 VRT followed by hysterectomy). Of 56 cases, 17 had no macroscopic or microscopic residual tumor. Of 27 cases with a nonspecific macroscopic lesion, more than one-half had no residual microscopic tumor, and the others had minimally (<1 mm) invasive residual carcinoma. In the remaining two cases with a macroscopic tumor, a longitudinal rather than a transverse frozen section was preferred, because it allowed the evaluation of the distance between the tumor and the endocervical margin. We recommend a frozen section, using a longitudinal section, only in those VRT specimens with a grossly visible lesion.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".