JESSIE GREGORY LUTZ. Opening China: Karl F. A. Gutz-laff and Sino-Western Relations, 1827-1852. (Studies in the History of Christian Missions.) Grand Rapids, Mich.: William B. Eerdmans. 2008. Pp. xix, 364. $45.00
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The German-born missionary Karl F. A. Gützlaff (1803–1851) was an important yet controversial figure in Sino-Western relations in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Long dismissed as an impostor and an agent of imperialism by Chinese and Westerners alike, he has been given a more balanced treatment recently, with a number of scholars pointing out his role as a cultural mediator. Still lacking was a comprehensive biography that conformed to the standards of modern scholarship. Jessie Gregory Lutz has written that biography. It is based on a vast amount of source material, which she collected in the course of over two decades, partly together with her husband, the late Rolland Ray Lutz, whose role in transcribing the handwritten German documents is acknowledged in the preface. Lutz's biography advances the study of Gützlaff in a number of ways. First, she manages to maintain a balance between her protagonist and the...
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".