Fluorinated Carbohydrates as Lectin Ligands: Biorelevant Sensors with Capacity to Monitor Anomer Affinity in <sup>19</sup>F‐NMR‐Based Inhibitor Screening
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Our recent description of pulse sequences for the intramolecular relay of 1 H polarization to the 19 F reporter of a carbohydrate ligand after saturation transfer from a cognate lectin prompted us to test the applicability of this technique for inhibitor screening. By strategically combining synthetic organic chemistry and cell assays with 19 F‐NMR‐based competition experiments, we document the validity of this approach. Two mannose‐specific leguminous agglutinins as receptors, the α‐methyl derivative of 2‐deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐ D ‐mannopyranoside as sensor and synthetic mannosides selected to represent different inhibitory capacities were used to establish a test panel. Signal amplitudes were found to vary among the two related lectins, and their precipitation by glycodendrimers enabled inherent limits to be set. The obtained experimental basis was then broadened by assaying a galactopyranoside‐binding plant toxin, using 6‐deoxy‐6‐fluoro‐ D ‐galactopyranose as a sensor molecule. The easy identification of the two anomeric signals by 19 F NMR spectroscopy enabled ready detection of the preference of this lectin for the α‐anomer and allowed the two individual inhibition profiles to be deduced. These 19 F NMR spectroscopic data were in accord with the activities of inhibitors used to protect cells from toxicity. Our results therefore provide an experimental basis for 19 F‐NMR‐based inhibitor screening.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".