Polar cap convection relationships with solar wind
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Relationships between the speed of polar cap antisunward convection and the southward component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF Bz negative), and also the induced solar wind electric field (VswBz) are derived from polar cap convection measurements using Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosondes at Eureka (CGM latitude 88.67°N) and Resolute Bay (CGM latitude. 83.55°N). The relationships are similar for Eureka and Resolute Bay, which are separated by ∼600 km, showing that as a first approximation, one can assume uniform polar cap convection. Resolute Bay, however, appeared to show some saturation at IMF Bz values less than approximately −10 nT. The average relationships are as follows: Vconv (m/s) ≈ 294 – 66Bz (nT), and Vconv (m/s) ≈ 293 – 166VswBz (mV/m). The convection speed did not show a significant dependence on the IMF By and Bx components. The amplification factor between the induced solar wind electric field and ionospheric electric field is ∼8.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".