Lipodystrophy-associated morphological, cholesterol and triglyceride abnormalities in a population-based HIV/AIDS treatment database
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To provide population-based estimates of the prevalence of lipodystrophy syndrome and constituent symptoms and to identify correlates of prevalent symptomology. METHODS: Participants in a province-wide HIV/AIDS treatment programme reported morphological and metabolic abnormalities. Probable lipodystrophy was defined as self-report of at least one morphological abnormality or both high cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Explanatory variables investigated included: age; sex; ethnicity; transmission risk group; CD4 cell count; plasma viral load; AIDS diagnosis; duration of infection; alternative therapy use; past, current and duration of use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) by class and specific drug; total duration of ART; and current adherence. Stepwise logistic regression identified possible determinates of lipodystrophy. RESULTS: Of 1035 participants, 50% appeared to have probable lipodystrophy, with 36% reporting peripheral wasting, 33% abdominal weight gain, 6% buffalo hump, and 10 and 12% increased triglyceride or cholesterol levels, respectively. In multivariate analysis, lipodystrophy was associated with older age (per year) (AOR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01, 1.04), the use of ingested alternative therapies (AOR 1.46; 95% CI 1.06, 2.01), having ever used protease inhibitors (PI) (AOR 2.63; 95% CI 1.89, 3.66), and duration of stavudine treatment (per year) (AOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.15, 1.58). In analysis limited to participants exposed to PI, after similar adjustment, the duration of lamivudine rather than stavudine treatment was associated with lipodystrophy (AOR 1.32; 95% CI 1.13, 1.53). CONCLUSION: Increased risk of abnormalities is associated with the use of PI, and the duration of stavudine and lamivudine treatment after adjustment for personal characteristics, clinical disease stage, duration of infection and detailed treatment history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".