Use of Radiotherapy for Control of Sialorrhea in Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) develop progressive difficulty with swallowing secretions, and drooling becomes a significant problem. The production of saliva can be reduced with radiation of the submandibular and sublingual salivary gland tissue. This method has been used successfully in Europe and had limited use at Vancouver Hospital. This study was undertaken to determine the lowest effective dose of radiation necessary to control salivary production. Over a 3-year period, patients with ALS who developed significant problems with drooling were identified and treated with a predetermined dose of radiation. The first group received a single dose of 8 Gy in one fraction and the second received a total of 12.5 Gy in two fractions. They were followed over the next 6 months and were evaluated for effectiveness and side effects. Their saliva was measured pre- and postradiation treatment, and they were also asked to evaluate the change subjectively, using a questionnaire. The preliminary findings suggest that 8 Gy of radiation was effective in controlling drooling, and increasing the dose did not improve initial control. Long-term control was difficult to evaluate as the patients entered in the study were very ill and their life expectancy was very short. Radiation at this low dose resulted in very few side effects. Low-dose radiation can safely help control secretions in selected patients with ALS.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it