Association Between Gait Asymmetry and Brain Lesion Location in Stroke Patients
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Associations between the site of brain injury and poststroke gait impairment are poorly understood. Temporal gait asymmetry after stroke is a salient index of gait dysfunction that has important functional consequences. The current study investigated whether subtraction lesion analysis could distinguish brain regions associated with persisting temporal gait asymmetry in chronic stroke patients. METHODS: Analysis was conducted on 37 chronic ambulatory stroke patients (17 symmetrical gait, 20 asymmetrical gait). Spatiotemporal gait parameters were recorded using an instrumented walking surface. Lesions were traced from 3D T1-MRI, and region of interest images were generated. The lesion overlay of patients with symmetrical gait was subtracted from patients with asymmetrical gait to highlight voxels more frequently lesioned in asymmetrical patients and relatively spared in symmetrical patients. RESULTS: Demographic data were comparable between the 2 groups. Asymmetrical patients exhibited significantly higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale neglect scores and more severe motor impairment. Gait asymmetry was significantly correlated to Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Scale leg (r=-0.767, P<0.001) and foot (r=-0.759, P<0.001) scores, whereas gait speed correlated less strongly. After subtraction analysis, injury to the posterolateral putamen was evident 60% to 80% more frequently in the asymmetrical group compared to the symmetrical group. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of ambulatory chronic stroke patients, damage to the posterolateral putamen was associated with temporal gait asymmetry. Further advances in our understanding of the neural correlates of gait asymmetry may provide prognostic markers for future persistent gait dysfunction and lead to early targeted rehabilitation when key regions are damaged.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".