Influence of submerged groynes for urban creek rehabilitation on aquatic environment at Sawmill Creek in Ottawa, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Submerged groynes (low-profile linear rock structures, also called stream barbs) were installed in a reach of Sawmill Creek in Ottawa, Canada in order to mitigate outer bank erosion in two consecutive bends. These structures have had an effect on both the aquatic life and habitat in the area. Changes in both the flow field and bathymetry have been recorded over 4 years (including 2 years prior to implementation of the groynes) using acoustic Doppler velocimeters, an acoustic Doppler current profiler, and a total station, respectively. The City of Ottawa's Water Environment Protection Program (WEPP) has also provided fish abundance and habitat data for the study site as well as a control site located approximately 200 m downstream. The velocity and bathymetry data collected, combined with the fish abundance data, were used to demonstrate a causal relationship between the implementation of submerged groynes and the recorded change in fish abundance and habitat. There has been a consistent increase in fish abundance at the study site compared to that of the control site, indicating that the presence of the groynes is beneficial to the aquatic environment. This could be attributed to select features provided by the groynes which were not inherently available at the study site, namely: (1) velocity refuge and (2) visual isolation from predators.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".