Synthesis, chemical polymerization and electrochemical properties of low band gap conducting polymers for use in supercapacitors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A set of nine monomers derived from diaryl-cyanovinylene, -carboxyvinylene and -cyanobutadiene were synthesized as were the corresponding polymers resulting from the chemical polymerization of the monomers in the presence of an almost quantitative amount of FeCl3 in chloroform. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the chemical structure of the polymers on their charge capacitance and stability upon galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling. The electrochemical performances of composite electrodes based on polymer, acetylene black and PTFE have been investigated in acetonitrile containing 1 M Et4NBF4 using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling experiments. The best performances in terms of charge capacitance for both the p- and n-doping processes were demonstrated with poly(7) (2E,4E)-2,5-di-2-thienylpenta-2,4-dienenitrile and poly(9) (2E)-3-(2,2′-bithienyl-5-yl)-2-(2-thienyl)prop-2-enenitrile since values as high as 245 C g−1 were obtained with poly(7) in its n-doped state and 325 C g−1 with p-doped poly(9). The energy density (68 Wh kg−1) and power density (24 kW kg−1) delivered by a poly(9) capacitor are in good agreement with those expected from cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge experiments performed with single electrodes. Unfortunately, a capacitance loss was observed upon cycling and was ascribed exclusively to the n-doping process occurring at the negative electrode since the capacitance of the positive electrode remained almost unchanged during these experiments.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".