AN ECOLOGICAL BASIS FOR EXTRACELLULAR CARBONIC ANHYDRASE IN MARINE UNICELLULAR ALGAE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extracellular carbonic anhydrase (CA e ) is expressed by many, but not all, autotrophic species of aquatic unicellular protists. We measured CA e activities in unicellular marine algae characteristic of either high nutrient spring, fall, and winter blooms or low nutrient summer populations to provide ecological/evolutionary information about the enzyme. Highest activities occurred in spring bloom and opportunistic diatoms exposed to long photoperiods (16 h) when pH was highest and CO 2 was lowest. Lower activities were recorded for a fall‐bloom diatom exposed to the long photoperiod, and lowest values were found under all culture conditions for one diatom and a number of flagellated species typical of summer low nutrient environments. Other potential sources of variance in measurements of CA e activity were examined. Maximum activities of CA e were recorded for the diatom, Skeletonema costatum (Greville) Cleve, during late exponential phase of growth and within 8 h of the beginning of the photoperiod. We concluded that ecological factors are important in determining CA e activities in marine unicellular protists. Potential functions of CA e in the metabolism of marine unicellular algae are discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".