Response to influenza immunization in patients with common variable immunodeficiency
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a heterogeneous primary immunodeficiency characterized by low serum antibody levels and recurrent infections. Cellular response to immunization in CVID has not been elucidated. In this study aimed to characterize influenza specific memory B-cell responses in patients with CVID and normal controls following influenza immunization. CVID and unaffected controls were immunized with the 2010 influenza vaccine. PBMCs were collected on the day of vaccination, and then week 8 and week 16 after vaccination. Memory B cell responses were determined by ELISPOT analysis. Both the CVID and controls showed similar induction of flu-specific IgM-secreting memory B cells after vaccination. Before vaccination, CVID subjects had significantly lower frequencies of flu-specific IgG and IgA memory B cells. Half of the CVID subjects (4/8) showed an increase in flu-specific IgG-secreting memory B cells post vaccination, whereas the other half showed none. 8/8 controls showed increased flu-specific IgG-secreting memory B cells post-vaccination. None of the CVID subjects developed flu-specific IgA memory B cells post vaccination, compared to 5/8 normal subjects. A subgroup of CVID may be capable of making IgG memory responses to protein vaccination, although, the ability to maintain these responses needs to be studied with longer follow-up. Individuals with CVID however, demonstrated severe defects in IgA memory responses to vaccination, which may have clinical relevance in terms of protection against influenza. Further work is continuing to evaluate the influenza specific T-cell responses in this patient population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".