Ions and carbon nanostructures
Bibliographic record
Abstract
First experiments on swift ion irradiation of highly oriented pyrolythic graphite led to formation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) at the cascade eruption points. CNT length was in the micron range, which corresponded to an explosive crystallization of the carbon plume with about sound velocity. Multiplicity of CNT walls depended on cascade density: single wall CNTs were formed for approx. 200 MeV Xe ions, while multiwall CNTs for Kr, Ne ions of similar energy. Ion beam created defects were clearly visible on scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images with atomic resolution. Second part of the paper deals with results of ion irradiation to sensitize CNT-s to reach, e.g. gas sensing properties using mainly changes in electrical conductivity of the bunch of CNTs. A third part of the paper contains some results on irradiated graphene. A new nanolithography technique of graphene used STM as a tool for nanostructuring graphene with crystallographic orientation control and line width of the order of few nanometers. The process enables to produce few nm wide stripes with precise crystallographic orientation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".