Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation During Strength Training
Bibliographic record
Abstract
1983 Research with animals has shown that consumption of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) increases resting metabolic rate, leading to decreased fat mass, and has anti-catabolic properties, leading to increased lean tissue mass. Research in humans is equivocal, possibly due to low subject numbers or the use of CLA isoforms with low biological activity. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of supplementation of the biologically active isoforms of CLA (cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12) during a strength training program. METHODS: 77 young male (n = 37) and female (n = 40) subjects (mean age = 25y) were randomized to receive either 5 g/d of CLA or placebo for 7 weeks. They simultaneously participated in a strength training program (12 exercises, 3–4 sets, 4–10 reps, 3 days/wk). Following the initial 7 weeks, 17 subjects (8 males, 9 females) volunteered to cross-over to the opposite group for an additional 7 weeks of supplementation and training. The following measurements were made at baseline, 7 weeks (for all 77 subjects), and 14 weeks (for the 17 subjects in the cross-over study): Body composition (air displacement plethysmography), muscle thickness of the biceps and quadriceps (ultrasound), resting metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry), strength (1-RM) for bench press and leg press, and knee extension torque (isokinetic dynamometer). RESULTS: For the initial 7 weeks subjects in the CLA group had greater increases in lean tissue mass (+1.4 kg vs. +0.2 kg; p<0.05), greater losses of fat mass (−0.8 kg vs. +0.4 kg; p<0.05), and greater increases in resting metabolic rate (+28 kcal/d vs. −84 kcal/d; p<0.05) compared to the placebo group. Males on CLA had a greater increase in bench press strength (+31 kg vs. +22 kg; p<0.05) than males on placebo. Changes between groups were similar for all other measurements (bench press [for females] and leg press strength, knee extension torque, biceps and quadriceps muscle thickness). The difference in resting metabolic rate disappeared when corrected for changes in lean tissue mass. Subjects that participated in the cross-over study had a greater loss of fat mass (−0.2 kg vs. +1.5 kg; p<0.05) and greater increase in biceps muscle thickness (+0.42 cm vs. +0.04 cm; p<0.05) while on CLA compared to placebo. CONCLUSION: Supplementation with CLA during strength training increases lean tissue mass and decreases fat mass. The increase in lean tissue mass results in an elevated resting metabolic rate. Supported by Bioriginal Food and Science Corp.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".