Introducing the OCEAN.20: A 20-Item Five-Factor Personality Measure Based on the Trait Self-Descriptive Inventory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We report on the development of a short measure of the Big Five model of personality. In Study 1, we created three versions (15, 20, and 25 items) of the Trait Self-Descriptive Inventory (TSD), a Big Five personality measure developed by CitationTupes and Christal (1992). These short measures were confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis in Study 2. Studies 3 and 4 compared the predictive validity of a 75-item TSD against that of the shortened scales. Results suggest that a 20-item version (the OCEAN.20) is a useful, short, and psychometrically sound measure of the Big Five suitable for use in organizational research. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank Kibeom Lee, Deborah Powell, and John Johnston for their comments on an earlier version of this article. We also thank Kelly Farley from the Director General Military Personnel Research and Analysis for providing us with the study data. Notes Researchers are authorized to use the measure for research purposes, but are required to contact Director General Military Personnel Research and Analysis for use in selection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".