Abnormal function and glucose metabolism in the type-2 diabetic <i>db/db</i> mouse heartThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled The Cellular and Molecular Basis of Cardiovascular Dysfunction, Dhalla 70th Birthday Tribute.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study examined cardiac function and glucose metabolism in the 6-month-old db/db mouse, a model of type-2 diabetes. Cine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRI) was used to measure cardiac function in vivo. The db/db mice had decreased heart rates (17%, p<0.01) and stroke volumes (21%, p<0.05) that resulted in lower cardiac output (35%, p<0.01) than controls. Although there was no difference in ejection fraction between the 2 groups, db/db mouse hearts had a 35% lower maximum rate of ejection (p<0.01) than controls. In a protocol designed to assess maximal insulin-independent glucose uptake, hearts were isolated and perfused in Langendorff mode and subjected to 0.75 mL.min(-1).(g wet mass)(-1) low flow ischemia for 32 min. Glucose uptake during ischemia was 21% lower than in controls, and post-ischemic recovery of cardiac function was decreased by 30% in db/db mouse hearts (p<0.05). Total cardiac GLUT 4 protein was 56% lower (p<0.01) in db/db mice than in controls. In summary, the db/db mouse has abnormal left ventricular function in vivo, with impaired glucose uptake during ischemia, leading to increased myocardial damage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".