MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: ARE ALL ANTIHYPERTENSIVES DRUGS EQUIVALENT?: PP.4.138
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: Patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have a greater risk of developing dementia than general population. Hypertension is a main risk factor for vascular and degenerative cognitive impairment and the best antihypertensive pharmacological approach to prevent it has not been clearly established. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between different antihypertensive drug regimens and the diagnosis of MCI. Design and Method: A retrospective, observational, hospital-based study was performed in ambulatory elderly patients with memory complaint. They were evaluated with systematic cognitive battery in a Geriatric Evaluation Unit. The neuropsychological assessment comprised tests of speed and attention, episodic memory, visuospatial function, language and executive function. Vascular risk factors and their treatments were assessed. Results: We analyzed 585 patients between August 2002 to December 2006; MCI was diagnosed in 286 (cases). Mean age was 78.2 ± 5 in cases and 75.3 ± 5 years in controls (p = 0.00001). We observed a predominance of women in both groups (68% and 76% respectively). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus, dyslipemia, smoking status, obesity, history of congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease and stroke, was similar in both groups. We found only a slight predominance of hypertension in patients with MCI (p = 0.07). In the logistic regression model only age and female sex were associated with MCI (OR 1.09, 95%CI 1.06–1.13 and OR 1.5, 95%CI 1.09–2.32 respectively). Table shows vascular risk factors control and use of antihypertensive drugs and statins.Conclusion: Hypertension was adequately controlled in the entire cohort with all the pharmacological groups, achieving targets recommended by clinical practice guidelines. Surprisingly, calcium channel blockers, the family drug with the strongest evidence of certain neuroprotection properties, was the only one associated with higher incidence of mild cognitive impairment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.016 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".