Biphasic Release of Immunoreactive Endothelins Following Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Pigs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to study the role of endothelins (ETs) in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Eighteen piglets (20 +/- 3 kg) were anesthetized and ventilated with 100% oxygen, five of them then served as controls. Acute thromboembolic injury in the lung was induced by injecting 15-25 ml of preformed clots into the left lower lobar pulmonary artery during thoracotomy. Pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) increased by at least 2.5-fold from baseline. During the subsequent 8 h, seven blood samples were collected from the left atrium and assayed for immunoreactive ETs. The results showed that following PTE: (1) Ppa remained elevated but cardiac output remained constant throughout the experiments; (2) plasma level of immunoreactive ETs increased in the embolized group compared to controls and the profile of immunoreactive ET release suggested a biphasic response. We conclude that the release of these vasocontractile and bronchoconstrictive mediators after PTE may contribute to ventilation perfusion mismatching and account for the pulmonary hypertension and deterioration of gas exchange that are often seen clinically.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".