Influence of Rhizobacterial and Agrobacterial Inoculation on Selected Physiological and Biochemical Changes of Banana Cultivar, Berangan (AAA) Plantlets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of experiments were carried out to observe the effects of rhizobacterial and agrobacterial inoculation, singly orcombined on the total content, concentration and distribution of the biochemical components (total soluble protein,soluble nitrogen, proline, peroxidase activity, total soluble phenolic, nitrate reductase activity, nitrate, chlorophyll),physiological characteristics (percentages of growth, number of roots, fresh and dry weight of roots, maximum and totallength of roots) and mineral contents (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) of in vitro banana plantlets, Berangan cultivar (AAA) usingMS basal medium. The aims of this study are to determine the influence of various rhizobacteria sp. and Agrobacteriasp. inoculation, singly and combined on biochemical and physiological changes of the important banana plantlets inMalaysia, Berangan cultivar (AAA).Results from the inoculation study using MS basal medium were indicated that inoculation with rhizobacteria (Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, Bacillus sphaericus UPMB10 and Microbacteriumoxydens UPMB11) or agrobacteria (Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains, AR9402 and A4) showed positive response ongrowth of in vitro banana plantlets compared to uninoculation after one month of experiment. The inoculationtreatments also increased the number of root, fresh and dry weight of roots and total length of root. In addition withinoculation, the total content or concentration of the respective biochemical activity as total soluble protein, peroxidase,nitrate reductase, proline, nitrate, soluble nitrogen, phenolic and chlorophyll of the host plants increased and variedaccording to the type of bacteria used. Inoculation with these bacterial also enhanced the accumulation of N and P in thebanana plantlets. Co-inoculation with rhizobacteria (Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, Bacillus sphaericus UPMB10 andMicrobacterium oxydens UPMB11) and agrobacteria (Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains AR9402 and A4) also showedsimilar response as in single inoculation; UPMB10+AR9402 treatment was the most effective treatment. The abovefinding provided evidence that Azospirillum brasilense Sp7, Bacillus sphaericus UPMB10, Microbacterium oxydensUPMB11, Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains AR9402 and A4, singly or combined are potentially effective in promotinggrowth of in vitro banana plantlets. Inoculation of rhizobacteria was showed beneficial to the banana plantlet in salineconditions through increment of growth and improvement in rooting system. Thus, these bacterial strains could be usedas a bioenhancer for growth of in vitro banana plantlets
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".