Lipid class and fatty acid composition of copepods (Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, Pseudocalanus sp., Tisbe furcata and Nitokra lacustris) fed various combinations of autotrophic and heterotrophic protists
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tisbe furcata, Nitokra lacustris, Calanus finmarchicus and Calanus glacialis were reared for several months in the laboratory prior to feeding selected diets. Copepods were fed Isochrysis galbana, Tetraselmis sp., Dunaliella tertiolecta, Thalassiosira pseudonana, Rhodomonas sp., Rhodomonas lens and Oxyrrhis marina individually or in combination. Oxyrrhis marina itself was fed up to four of the algae species. The lipid class and fatty acid composition of the copepods was determined and compared with each other, the diets and with wild C. finmarchicus, C. glacialis and Pseudocalanus sp. Cultured O. marina, T. furcata and N. lacustris had greater proportions of essential 22:6v3 or 20:5v3 acids than in their diets suggesting nutritional enrichment through synthesis or preferential retention. Lower proportions of 18:3v3 than in their diets fed individually or in combination suggests desaturation and elongation of 18:3v3. Stable isotope analysis of the heterotroph samples and their dietary sources revealed similar values for 18:3v3 in each dietary pair and different ones for 22:6v3 and 20:5v3 supporting derivation from precursors rather than trophic magnification. Principal components analysis of copepods and their diets showed cultured Calanus spp. to have the most similar fatty acid composition to their diet indicating little modification or sequestration of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".