Transobturator tape for female stress incontinence: follow up after 24 months
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of transobturator vaginal tape (TOT) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and to analyze functional results and quality of life after 24 months follow-up. METHODS: The study included all women with SUI who underwent a TOT procedure in which the sling passes from the obturator foramen from the outside to the inside, under general or regional anesthesia from December 2004 to January 2006. All study patients must have had a minimal follow-up of 24 months. The patients were prospectively evaluated, and the following factors were assessed: number of pads used per day, physical examination including pelvic examination, urinalysis, urogenital distress inventory (UDI-6), analog global satisfaction scale (GSS), pad weight test, and urodynamic studies including filling cystometry and Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) test. RESULTS: Fifty-two consecutive patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria underwent TOT procedure by 1 surgeon. The mean age was 50 +/-9 (range 37-72) and minimal follow-up was 24 months (range 24-30 months). Two patients were lost to follow-up after 12 months and 3 patients did not come for the 24-month evaluation. The mean operative time was 18 minutes +/-4 (range 15-31), with an average amount of bleeding 57 cc +/-22cc. Our results demonstrate a 92% cure or improvement rate after 12 months, and an 85% after 24 months. CONCLUSION: The transobturator approach from outside to inside is a very effective treatment of SUI with low morbidity. However, longer follow-up in larger populations should assess the long-term reliability of this procedure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".