An atlas of musical memories: popular music, leisure and urban change in Liverpool
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Liverpool, famously once the home of the Beatles and still the locus of many thriving music scenes, is a city of dramatic memories and transformations. Recently, the city has witnessed an ambitious regeneration agenda that is predicated upon leisure, heritage, culture and entertainment that culminated with the city's re-invention as 2008 European Capital of Culture (ECoC), a year-long celebration of the city's physical redevelopment and arts renaissance. This article draws upon ethnographic research conducted with Liverpool musicians to make three points about these transformations. First, I describe the relations between popular music, leisure, social and spatial change. Second, I focus in particular on hand-drawn maps created by musicians and the narratives musicians told about their mappings. These mappings and narratives highlight continuing struggles over physical spaces for musical leisure in the "creative" city and the ways that city spaces are perceived, remembered or forgotten. Third, I link these maps and mappings to the concepts of "cultural regeneration" and urban change. Across the article, "popular memory" is a key concept in characterizing the relations between music, leisure and space, as to re-invent itself, Liverpool has had to remember itself. Liverpool, ville célèbre associée aux Beatles, est encore un lieu populaire de scène musicale. Cette ville de souvenir dramatique a récemment été témoin d'un programme de régénération culturelle ambitieuse fondé principalement sur les loisirs, le patrimoine, la culture et le divertissement. Ce réaménagement urbain fut réalisé en 2008, quand Liverpool devint une capitale culturelle européenne en 2008. Ce document s'inspire sur une recherche ethnographique menée avec des musiciens de Liverpool. Je décris tout d'abord les relations entre la musique populaire, les loisirs, et les changements spatiaux. Deuxièmement, je me concentre en particulier sur les cartes créées par des musiciens et leurs récits. Ces cartes et ces récits soulignent les luttes continuelles entre les espaces physiques dans cette ville «créatif» et la façon dont les espaces urbains sont perçus, commémorés, ou oubliés. Troisièmement, je relie ces cartes aux concepts de «régénération culturelle» et au changement urbain. Avec cette approche analytique, je démontre que la «mémoire populaire» est un concept clé entre le souvenir, la musique, les loisirs, et la régénération de Liverpool. Keywords: leisuremapsculturepopular memoryregenerationLiverpoolMots-clés: loisirscartographieculturemémoire populairerégénérationLiverpoolView correction statement:Corrigendum Acknowledgements This article reports on research conducted with Prof. Sara Cohen at the University of Liverpool's Institute of Popular Music (IPM), funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (UK), and in partnership with English Heritage (EH) and National Museums Liverpool (NML). Particular thanks go to Sara, John Schofield (EH) and Marion Leonard (IPM/NML). I am also grateful to the musicians who took time to speak with me and draw maps for the project.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".