An atlas of musical memories: popular music, leisure and urban change in Liverpool
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Liverpool, famously once the home of the Beatles and still the locus of many thriving music scenes, is a city of dramatic memories and transformations. Recently, the city has witnessed an ambitious regeneration agenda that is predicated upon leisure, heritage, culture and entertainment that culminated with the city's re-invention as 2008 European Capital of Culture (ECoC), a year-long celebration of the city's physical redevelopment and arts renaissance. This article draws upon ethnographic research conducted with Liverpool musicians to make three points about these transformations. First, I describe the relations between popular music, leisure, social and spatial change. Second, I focus in particular on hand-drawn maps created by musicians and the narratives musicians told about their mappings. These mappings and narratives highlight continuing struggles over physical spaces for musical leisure in the “creative” city and the ways that city spaces are perceived, remembered or forgotten. Third, I link these maps and mappings to the concepts of “cultural regeneration” and urban change. Across the article, “popular memory” is a key concept in characterizing the relations between music, leisure and space, as to re-invent itself, Liverpool has had to remember itself.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.019 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".