P1‐483: Mild cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a cluster of respiratory disorders associated with progressive and partially irreversible chronic airflow limitation. It is increasingly recognized that a substantial proportion of COPD patients have cognitive impairment. However, no study to date has investigated the frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in COPD. In this study, we sought to determine the frequency and subtypes of MCI in COPD. Thirty-four patients with moderate to severe COPD and 39 healthy controls, matched for age and education, underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Three cognitive domains were defined: executive function and attention, verbal learning and memory, and visuospatial abilities. MCI was defined as (1) a subjective cognitive complaint at interview; (2) objective evidence of cognitive decline defined as performance ≥1.5 standard deviation below the standardized mean (or, depending on the norms, a scaled score ≤6 or percentile range ≤10) on at least two variables in a cognitive domain; and (3) no significant decline in daily living activities. MCI subtypes were defined as amnestic MCI single domain, nonamnestic MCI single domain, amnestic MCI multiple domain, and nonamnestic MCI multiple domain. MCI was found in 35% (12/34) of COPD patients. In contrast, only 10% (4/39) of control subjects had MCI (χ = 5.27, dl = 1, p = 0.02). Eight (67%) of the 12 COPD patients met the criteria for nonamnestic MCI single domain associated with impaired executive function and attention, two (17%) for amnestic MCI single domain, one (8%) for nonamnestic MCI multiple domain and one (8%) for amnestic MCI multiple domain. We found that MCI is frequent in COPD patients with predominantly a deficit of the executive function/attention cognitive domain.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".