A Minimal WLE2 Element is Not Sufficient to Direct Apical Localization in the Absence of RNAs Containing the Full Length Wingless 3'UTR
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The mRNAs encoded by the Drosophila Wnt-1 homologue, wingless, are localized to a small region of the apical cytoplasm in early embryonic epithelial cells. This requires the activity of cis-acting sequences within the 3' untranslated region called wingless localization elements (WLEs). One of these, WLE2, was identified initially as a cis-acting sequence that directed apical localization of in vivo expressed mRNAs in four to five hour Drosophila embryos. To determine the precise activity of WLE2 during wingless apical localization, we performed an in-depth mutagenesis of this sequence. Using both direct-injection and in vivo transgenes we determined that WLE2, by itself, is not sufficient to direct binding of trans-acting factors that mediate apical RNA transport in embryonic cells. Rather, RNAs containing only WLE2 are transported apically only in the presence of a second RNA containing other cis-acting localization sequences of the wingless 3' untranslated region. This co-requirement for WLE2 and additional wingless 3'UTR sequences is likely a required function during apical localization, as mutations within WLE2 can modify the apical localization activity of RNA molecules that contain other wingless localization signals. This suggests that, similar to other localized mRNAs like bicoid, wingless localization may require specific RNA-RNA interactions as well as recognition by cytoplasmic RNA localization complexes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".