Low Concentrations of Taxol Cause Mitotic Delay Followed by Premature Dissociation of p55CDC from Mad2 and BubR1 and Abrogation of the Spindle checkpoint, Leading to Aneuploidy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Taxol is widely used for the treatment of human cancer. Its mechanism of action in cells is dependent on drug concentration. At low concentrations of Taxol (5-10 nM), cells exhibit aberrant mitosis, including aneuploidy, in the absence of mitotic arrest. At higher concentrations of Taxol (>20 nM), the cell cycle is blocked at metaphase by spindle checkpoint activation. Here we demonstrate that low concentrations of Taxol cause mitotic delay, and result in an aneuploid population of cells after exit from mitosis. Low concentrations of Taxol dissociated p55CDC-Mad2 or p55CDC-BubR1 complexes after mitosis, whereas high concentrations of Taxol sustained the protein complex formation leading to mitotic block. The induction of apoptosis and aneuploidy by low concentrations of Taxol may result from chromosome missegregation caused by spindle checkpoint defects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".