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Record W2081050000 · doi:10.1353/esc.0.0169

Truth, Reconciliation, and Amnesia: Porcupines and China Dolls and the Canadian Conscience

2009· article· en· W2081050000 on OpenAlexvenueaboutno aff
Keavy Martin

Bibliographic record

VenueEnglish studies in Canada · 2009
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicCanadian Identity and History
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsConscienceCasualBattlePsychoanalysisNarrativeAmnesiaHistoryBlamePsychologyLiteratureArtSociologyCriminologyLawPolitical sciencePsychiatryAncient history

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Truth, Reconciliation, and Amnesia: Porcupines and China Dolls and the Canadian Conscience Keavy Martin (bio) The events of the workshop again made the news that afternoon.... In one week, Chief David, James and Jake would be known all over the NWT. In two weeks, they would be forgotten. Robert Arthur AlexiePorcupines and China Dolls In Robert Arthur Alexie’s 2002 novel Porcupines and China Dolls, three former residential school students shock the fictional hamlet of Aberdeen, nwt, when they disclose the sexual abuse they suffered as young boys under the care of the institution. The people have gathered this day for a healing workshop to address the suffering that alcohol has been causing in their community; the rising action of the novel is devoted to describing this dysfunction, as the narrative follows the main character, James Nathan, through his daily routine of drinking, casual sex, and suicide attempts. But when James and his friends Jake and David—now in their forties—finally put a name to the nightmares that haunt them, they begin the process of taking control of their lives and ending the cycles of abuse. As David says to the assembled people: “I’m tired of runnin’. This is where it ends. Right here ‘n right now. This is where we make the change for ourselves ‘n for our children. I will run no more!” (198). [End Page 47] The characters’ attempts to “face their demons” then becomes literalized, and what follows is an almost-apocalyptic battle scene, as beady-eyed, reeking demons begin to crawl out of the walls and ceiling. The men become Warriors; they grow to impossible heights, and their voices are so mighty that “the roof of the community hall blew off and scattered to the four winds” (204). Armed suddenly with lances and swords, they take their bloody revenge on the “demons, dreams and nightmares” that have been tormenting them (196). The community joins in the epic struggle, and in an orgy of pop-culture references, the victims of residential schools are re-empowered: James Nathan was like a knight in shining armour. He was like Kevin Costner in Dances With Wolves. He was like Crazy Horse charging into battle. He was like Geronimo at his best. Young girls dreamed of marrying him. Young boys dreamed of becoming him. Elders dreamed they were him and cried for the good old days. (205) Alexie’s readers will recognize this scene as the cathartic climax of the healing narrative—even if it is hyperbolic beyond even what Sophocles could imagine. By finally telling their stories in a public setting, the victims seem to have purged themselves of the hurt that has already claimed many lives in Aberdeen. As one of the elder women has told them, “It’s gettin’ rid of it through talkin’ ‘n cryin’ that’s gonna help you. If you don’t get rid of it, it’ll kill you like it’s done to so many of our People” (105). After the battle is over, a cool, cleansing wind sweeps through the hall, and the people soon begin to mark the re-emergence of some of their traditions: they travel out onto the land to carry the body of an abused former student to the Old People—cremating him in the old way—and after decades of obeying the Church’s regulations, they witness the return of the drum. Trough storytelling, ceremony, and song, the people stitch their community back together again. It comes as a surprise, then, when James wakes up the morning after his disclosure and has the following exchange with his girlfriend: “You okay?” Brenda asked. “Yeah,” he lied. He got up and made coffee. Snow. “Whatcha gonna do today?” she asked. “Check for caribou.” Maybe blow my brains out too. “You?” (219) [End Page 48] Despite the climactic events of the previous day, things seem to have returned to normal. Sure enough, only a few pages later, James attempts suicide again, and he will try it several more times before the novel ends. The event of the community’s “healing,” after all, occurs only two-thirds of the way through the book, and rather than arriving...

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.002
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesScience and technology studies
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.478
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.002
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0020.002
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.012
GPT teacher head0.237
Teacher spread0.225 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

Study designNot applicable
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations23
Published2009
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes

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