Clinical Study of a Urinary Competitve ELISA for Neural Thread Protein in Alzheimer Disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AD7C-NTP (neural thread protein) is a approximately 41-kD brain protein that is selectively elevated in Alzheimer disease (AD). AD7C-NTP is associated with the pathologic changes of AD, and overexpression of the AD7C-NTP gene is associated with cell death similar to that found in the AD brain. A newly developed competitive ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) was tested in urine samples from patients with AD, patients with non-AD dementia, and healthy normal individuals. Mean assay measurement in the AD group (30.1 +/- 10.8) was significantly higher than in the non-AD dementia control group (13.4 +/- 3.4) and in the nondementia control group (14.8 +/- 5.2) (P <.001). Mean assay measurement in early-AD cases (25.3 +/- 7.6) was significantly lower than in other AD cases (33.9 +/- 11.4). Levels of more than 18 units were found in 89% of overall AD cases and in 10% of overall controls. The results further validate urinary AD7C-NTP as a biochemical marker for AD and indicate that the competitive ELISA-format AD7C-NTP test in urine is an accurate method for determining AD7C-NTP levels in AD.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".