Transport and development of eggs and larvae of Atlantic cod, <i>Gadus morhua</i>, in relation to spawning time and location in coastal Newfoundland
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We provide evidence that variation in location and timing of spawning of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, has a major impact on occurrence, distribution, and development of eggs and larvae in a large embayment on the south coast of Newfoundland. Atlantic cod egg densities, measured with a series of ichthyoplankton surveys in Placentia Bay during the spawning and postspawning seasons of 1997 and 1998, were highest during the early spring of both years and decreased through the spring and summer. Egg development stages and larval size suggest that eggs and larvae were released from spawning locations within the bay and developed as they were transported in cyclonic flow from the southeast and around the bay towards the southwest, where late-stage eggs and larvae were found to be most abundant. Although egg densities were generally lower in 1998, late-season egg production during the summer of 1998 was elevated in relation to 1997, providing a possible explanation for the observation that larval total densities were more than an order of magnitude higher in 1998 than in 1997. In terms of larval production, late spawners may be particularly important to successful egg hatching in the coastal waters of Newfoundland.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".