Impact of environmental temperature on Atlantic cod Gadus morhua energy allocation to growth, condition and reproduction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of temperature on the allocation of energy to growth, condition and reproduction was examined in juvenile and adult Atlantic cod Gadus morhua inhabiting the southern Grand Bank off Newfoundland, Canada.The study period included both the warmest and coldest environmental conditions in the area over the past 60 yr.Temperature did not influence growth in length or weight, perhaps because growth at higher temperatures was limited by prey availability.Temperature significantly influenced both gutted body condition and liver condition (observed weight divided by predicted weight at length), but the effect was not consistent between the 2 measures of condition.Gutted body condition was highest at warm temperatures, whereas liver condition was highest at low temperatures.Measures of reproductive investment showed clear temperature effects.Fish matured earlier at both low and high temperatures than at intermediate temperatures.Fecundity of southern Grand Bank cod was highest at low temperatures, while the gonadosomatic index (GSI) was highest at warm temperatures.The lack of correlation with fecundity indicates that GSI may not be a good metric of reproductive investment but may be an indicator of how close fish are to spawning.The lower maturity and fecundity at intermediate temperatures could indicate a decrease in reproductive potential under these environmental conditions.Temperature throughout the entire year influenced fish condition, but only temperature during October to May affected reproductive investment.Most of the metrics were highly correlated between males and females, suggesting that both sexes make similar decisions about energy allocation over the observed temperature range.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".