Role of Bi and Ca Additions in Controlling the Microstructure of Sr-Modified 319 Alloys
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The role of bismuth (50 to 9000 ppm) and calcium (50 to 200 ppm) additions on the microstructural characteristics in Sr-modified 319 alloys (with/without 0.4 wt% Mg addition) were investigated using optical and electron microscopy, and image analysis. It was found that the modification effect of Sr continuously diminished with Bi addition up to ~3000 ppm Bi; further Bi addition led to the modification of the Si particles due to the presence of Bi. In the Ca-containing alloys, a coarse eutectic Si structure resulted with Ca additions of 50 ppm, due to the formation of Alx(Ca,Sr)Siy compounds. Increased Ca additions (up to 200 ppm) did not alter the Si particle size. The Alx(Ca,Sr)Siy phase particles appeared in rod-like form in the Sr-modified alloys and in plate-like form in the 319+0.4 wt% Mg alloys. MgO, Al2O3, and AlP particles appear to act as nucleants for the precipitation of the plate-like Alx(Ca,Sr)Siy phase.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".