Bibliographic record
Abstract
Summary form only given. With support from the Department of Energy, Illinois Institute of Technology is leading a team to develop a high fidelity "faster than real-time" dynamics simulator capable of predicting complex, large-scale power system behavior based on (eventually) real-time measurements. The team is leveraging several mathematics and computational advances (e.g., PETSc linear solvers, nonlinear solvers, time-stepping algorithms, memory management and multi-core processors) to improve the speed of dynamics simulations. In addition, the team is leveraging recent modeling and simulation advances (e.g., new three-phase unbalanced network models, single-phase induction motor models, protection system models) to improve the fidelity of the dynamics simulations. The goal is to aid operators in their true time of need, when there is a significant risk of cascading outages. The project will accelerate performance and enhance accuracy of dynamics simulations, enabling operators to maintain reliability and steer clear of blackouts. In the long-term, the proposed simulator will form the backbone of the newly conceived hybrid real-time protection and control architecture that will coordinate local controls, wide-area measurements, wide-area controls and advanced real-time prediction capabilities. The team members (and roles) are as follows: Illinois Institute of Technology (modeling, algorithm development, dynamics simulator development, verification and validation), Argonne National Laboratory's Mathematics and Computer Science Division (algorithm development), Electrocon, the developer of CAPE, a protection system modeling and simulation tool (protection engine development, independent verification & validation), Alstom Grid, a control center Energy Management System vendor (independent verification & validation), Commonwealth Edison, a large metropolitan utility (independent verification & validation), McCoy Energy (facilitate utility advisory group) and AltaLink, a large Canadian transmission system operator (independent verification & validation). This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-OE0000624. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.026 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".