‘People Are Just Becoming More Conscious of How Everything’s Connected’: ‘Ethical’ Food Consumption in Two Regions of Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this qualitative study with three ethnocultural groups in two regions of Canada, we explore the ways reflexivity and tradition may help explain regional differences concerning ‘ethical consumption’ in relation to food. We argue that ‘reflexive modernity’ cannot be said to apply unambiguously in contemporary Canada. The food concerns of Punjabi British Columbian and African Nova Scotian participants centred more on cultural traditions than on ethical consumption. While European Canadians in British Columbia (BC) and Nova Scotia (NS) appear similar on the surface, British Columbians expressed strong commitment to discourses of ethical consumption, while those in Nova Scotia displayed almost no engagement with those discourses. In contrast, tradition was a more prominent concern in food decision-making. Availability of resources for ethical consumption both shaped and was shaped by local discourses. Differing relationships to community may contribute to reflexive ethical consumption.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.033 | 0.016 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".