Interaction of GLP-1 with NPY, VIP and galanin
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many central neurotransmitters are involved in the control of feeding behaviour and disturbed metabolism of these neuropeptides contribute to hyperphagia and feeding related disorders of diabetes. GLP-1 had been found to decrease food intake when administered intracerebro ventricular (ICV). It is not known whether this effect is direct or through modulation of other feeding regulatory peptides like NPY and galanin. The present study was conducted to know the interaction of GLP-1 with NPY, VIP and galanin by measuring changes in contents of these peptides in hypothalamus, brain stem, intestine and pancreas in normal and diabetic rats which were infused with 32 nmol/kg body wt/day GLP-1 or saline (controls) for one week. GLP-1 infusion significantly decreased NPY, VIP and galanin contents in normal and diabetic rats in intestine and hypothalamus while no significant changes in brain stem were observed. A significant decrease in pancreatic NPY and VIP was also observed in diabetic rats. It is concluded that GLP-1 acts centrally and peripherally directly and via humoral and nervous factors. NPY, VIP and galanin have autocrine and paracrine role in CNS, pancreas and intestine. GLP-1 act by modulation of these peptides in these tissues.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".