Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Aqueous Leaf Extract of Tamarindus indica L. in Albino Rats
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The research was conducted to investigate the phytochemical constituents, acute toxicity, the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the aqueous extract of Tamarindus indica L. (AQETI) leaves. Phytochemical constituents present in AQETI were found to be flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins and terpenoids which might be responsible for the established anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in the plant extract. The leaf extract of the plant was found to be moderately toxic with an intraperitoneal acute toxicity (i.p. LD50) of 566 mg/kg. AQETI produced significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. AQETI (400 mg/kg) exhibited a maximum percentage inhibition (56.97%) in acetic acid-induced writhing response and at 30 min increased the pain threshold by 100 % in the tail immersion test. In the hot plate method, AQETI (400 mg/kg) showed a similar percentage inhibition (84.62%) at 30 and 60 min. The results demonstrate that the aqueous extract of Tamarindus indica L. leaves contains some pharmacologically active substances, was moderately toxic and possessed significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive acivities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".