On the Breakup of Viscous Liquid Sheets by Dual-Mode Linear Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The breakup of planeviscousliquid sheets moving in a gas stream hasbeen studied. Adual-modelinearstability analysis has been carried out under the combined ine uence of sinuous and varicose modes of disturbances at the two liquid‐gas interfaces. The effect of various parameters, such as the Reynolds number, Weber number, density ratio, velocity ratio, and the phase anglebetween thetwo modes, on the breakup characteristics of the liquid sheets has been investigated. At wavelengths corresponding to the dominant wavelengths for either the sinuous or the varicose mode, the breakup of the liquid sheet occurs at full-wavelength intervals, but the breakup point shifts between the half- and the full-wavelength when therespective dominant wavelengths corresponding to thesinuous and the varicose modes are applied simultaneously. The breakup time decreases as the proportion of the varicose mode is increased in the initial disturbance imposed on the liquid sheets. The breakup length (or time) decreases withanincreaseintheReynoldsnumber,Webernumber,densityratio,andvelocity ratio.Thesheetproe leschange for different values of Weber number, density ratio, velocity ratio, and the phase angle between the two modes. Comparison with experimental results shows that the present analysis is able to match the interface proe le close to the nozzle exit, but not further downstream where nonlinear effects are predominant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".