Synthesis and Structure of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Germanium(II)
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of a series of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of GeR 1 R 2 are reported, where R 1 = R 2 = Mes (Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl) ( 1 ), R 1 = R 2 = F ( 5 ), R 1 = R 2 = Br ( 6 ), R 1 = Cl, R 2 = OTf (OTf = O 3 SCF 3 ) ( 7 ), R 1 = R 2 = O t Bu ( 10 ), and R 1 = R 2 = NCS ( 11 ). The bond length between the carbenic carbon and the germanium is observed to vary in accordance with the π-donating ability of the substituent on Ge. Efforts to synthesize stable complexes with small alkyl or aryl substituents were not successful; evidence for oligomerization of the GeR 2 fragment is presented. The reaction between 1 and 3 (R 1 = R 2 = Cl) resulted in the formation of an NHC-coordinated germylgermylene ( 13 ). The 1 H NMR spectra of 3 − 7, 10, and 11 display broad signals at room temperature. To rationalize the 1 H NMR spectra, mechanisms for conformational interchange, as well as intermolecular exchanges, are discussed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it