The Ethnic and National Identity of South Asian Immigrant Seniors Living in Edmonton, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Canadian population is aging and also becoming more ethnically diverse. This study examined differences in identities among South Asian seniors who immigrated at different life stages with different lengths of residency in Canada. We interviewed 161 immigrants of South Asian descent in Edmonton, Canada, aged 60 and older about their ethnic/national identity, transnational ties, cultural retention and practices, and participation in and concerns about life in Canada. Our findings show that women were more likely than men to see themselves as more South Asian than Canadian. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that older age at immigration and low English-language proficiency were significant predictors of ethnic identity. These findings indicated the importance of language for ethnic and national (Canadian) identity and revealed that South Asian immigrant elders who came to Canada in later life tended to retain their ethnic identities, while immigrant elders who came to Canada earlier in life were more likely to have developed a bicultural identity that incorporated both ethnic and Canadian identity. Related to the notion of bicultural identity, strong transnational ties with the country of origin were associated with greater participation in Canadian society. La population canadienne vieillit et, par ailleurs, se diversifie ethniquement. Cette étude porte sur les différences identitaires parmi les aînés immigrés d’Asie du Sud qui sont arrivés au Canada à des âges divers et qui y sont depuis plus ou moins longtemps. Cent soixante et une personnes de 60 ans et plus ont répondu à nos questions portant sur leur identité ethnique / nationale canadienne, leurs liens transnationaux, le maintien d’habitudes culturelles ainsi que leur participation et l’intérêt qu’elles portent à la vie au Canada. Il en résulte que les femmes ont davantage que les hommes tendance à se percevoir plutôt comme sud-asiatiques que comme canadiennes. En outre, l’analyse de régression logistique montre qu’un âge plus avancé lors de l’immigration et une connaissance limitée de l’anglais sont des indices significatifs d’identité ethnique. Selon nos résultats, la langue joue un rôle important à cet égard, et c’étaient surtout les aînés plus âgés lors de leur immigration d’Asie du Sud qui tendaient à maintenir cette ethnicité, alors que ceux venus plus jeunes au Canada avaient davantage propension à une identité biculturelle qui incorporait les deux aspects, l’ethnique et le canadien. À propos de la définition d’identité biculturelle, nous avons découvert que de forts liens transnationaux avec le pays d’origine étaient associés à une plus grande participation à la société canadienne.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".