Effect of the First Coagulating Bath Composing on the Structure of PES Membrane
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Make PES flat-sheet style membrane through the method of dual-bath coagulation method. Change the composing of the first coagulating bath and make the casting membrane liquid stay in the first coagulating bath for enough time and control the surface and interior structure of the membrane at the same time. Study the interior and exterior structure when the DMAc mass fraction of first coagulating bath is among 0%-70%, and find out with the increase of mass fraction, the interior structure of membrane transits from the form of finger pore to the form of spongy pore, and when the mass fraction of the first coagulating bath achieves 70%, there is no structure with the form of finger pore, but the opening structure on the membrane surface appears when the mass fraction is 60% and increases with the increase of concentration. When the mass fraction of the first coagulating bath is among 0%-50%, the pure water flux of the membrane decreases with the concentration, and the rejection ratio of BSA change less, and when the concentration of the first coagulating bath exceeds 60% and the openings appear on the membrane surface, the pure water flux would ascend but the rejection ratio would markedly decrease.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".