A comparison study between horn and vivaldi antennas for 1.5–6 GHz breast microwave radar imaging
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Breast Microwave Radar is a novel imaging modality for breast cancer detection. This technology uses low power microwaves to illuminate the breast region and it generates a reflectivity map of the breast structures in which tumors can be detected. Although this imaging modality has been successful in limited clinical trials, additional work is needed to optimize several parameters of this technology to increase its use in routine clinical imaging procedures. One of the aspects that is crucial for the performance of a BMR system are the antennas used to record the datasets. In this study, the use of a novel horn antenna for BMR data collection is proposed. This antenna was used to record BMR datasets from synthetic phantoms that mimic the dielectric properties of breast tissues. Datasets from these phantoms were also collected using a Vivaldi antenna, which is a common design for current BMR systems. The results of this study show that images formed from datasets recorded using the horn antenna had a lower noise level and higher contrast compared to their counterparts corresponding to the Vivaldi antenna datasets.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".