Feasibility of boron fertilization for yield, seed quality and B uptake of canola in northeastern Saskatchewan
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
(Brassica napus L . and B. rapa L.) grown on the sandy soils of northeastern Saskatchewan has been observed to exhibit symptoms similar to B deficiency, and soil testing laboratories often recommend B fertilization on these soils. The objective of the present study was to determine if yield, seed quality and diseases of canola are related to different rates, times and methods of B fertilization on some northeastern Saskatchewan soils (Gray Luvisol) expected to be B deficient. Two growth chamber and seven field experiments were conducted in 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000. In the field experiments, the treatments included application of B fertilizers as broadcast followed by incorporation (1 to 4 kg B ha -1 ) prior to seeding, seedrow placement at seeding (0.5 to 2 kg B ha -1 ) and foliar spray at 10–20% bloom stage (0.25 and 0.50 kg B ha -1 ) plus a zero B control treatment. In the growth chamber experiments, rates of 1 to 3 mg B kg -1 soil were tested. In the field experiments, seed and straw yields tended to increase in very few of the treatments, with significant increases from incorporated B fertilization at one site for seed and at three sites for straw. The protein content in the seed was significantly increased by B fertilization at one site, while oil content in the seed was not influenced by B fertilization in any field experiment. The B fertilization treatments either increased or tended to increase the B concentration and uptake of B in seed and straw in most cases, with significant contrasts for control vs. incorporated B and seedrow B methods of applications in many cases. The increase in B concentration and uptake of B was usually greater in straw than in seed. Among the methods of B application, the effectiveness of B application could be considered as incorporated B > seedrow B > foliar B. Averaged across the sites and two treatments for each application method for example, B uptake in seed increased by 6.7, 3.8 and 1.0 g ha -1 with incorporated, seedrow and foliar B treatments, respectively. Corresponding methods showed an increase of B uptake in straw by 46, 33 and 23 g ha -1 . Disease levels were low for sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotorum) and low to moderate for blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) and alternaria pod spot (Alternaria brassica and A. raphani), and B fertilizer treatments had no impact on the amount or severity of infection for these diseases. In the growth chamber experiments, B fertilization tended to increase the yield of seed and straw (up to 13%) in both soils, with significant contrasts for 0 k g B ha -1 vs. 1, 2 and 3 kg B ha -1 in many cases. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggest that canola rarely responds to B fertilization in field conditions on soils suspected to be B deficient, but canola response to B was influenced by the method of B application. Key words: Boron concentration and uptake, boron fertilizer, canola (Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L.), oil and proteincontent, yield
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it