Gender Empowerment in Jordan/ HABILITATION DES FEMMES EN JORDANIE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The paper addresses the factors that hinder women's participation in the private sector in Jordan, through assessing the basic factors that hinder women's empowerment and the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan in order to achieve the following objectives: explore the meaning of 'Women empowerment' concept and how to integrate her in development and its relation to concept; explore the factors empower the Jordanian women; and suggest more factors that have better influence on women empowerment and participation in labor force. The paper reached some findings for empowering women in Jordan such as: Political authority as a main contributor to the advancement of women role in the society in Jordan and changing cultural norms and religious interpretations that aggravate gender inequalities is a must. Key words: Women; Participation; SMEs; Empowerment; Inequalities Resume Ce travail s'adresse aux facteurs empechant la participation des femmes dans le secteur prive en Jordanie. Il estime les facteurs de base qui empeche l'habilitation des femmes et le role des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises (PME) en Jordanie, en ayant pour objectif: d'explorer le concept d' «habilitation des femmes» et comment l'integrer dans le developpement et ses relations par rapport a la notion de parite; d'explorer les facteurs habilitant les femmes jordaniennes; de proposer d'autres facteurs ayant plus d'influence sur l'habilitation des femmes et la participation de la population active. Cet article montre certains resultats pouvant habiliter les femmes jordaniennes tels que: le pouvoir politique est le principal contributeur a l'avancement des femmes dans la societe jordanienne; il faut faire evoluer certaines normes culturelles et interpretations religieuses qui aggravent l'inegalite de genre. Mots Cles: Femmes; Participation; PME; Habilitation; Inegalite INTRODUCTION A critical aspect of promoting gender is the issue of women empowerment, with a focus on identifying and restoring power imbalances and giving women more autonomy to manage their own lives. Women's empowerment is vital to sustainable development and the realization of human rights for all. The term Gender equality refers to a society where men and women have the same rights, obligations, and opportunities, in all aspects of life1. Hence, gender exists when men and women are able to equally share the distribution of power and influence; equal opportunities for financial independence through work; enjoy equal access to education and the opportunity to develop personal ambitions. Jordanian women accomplished ahead start toward public participation in various development aspects, but their share still behind the targeted objectives. Therefore, development polices and mechanisms of the Jordan national and local development plans tend to be more aggressive towards better enrolment of women in the labor force. The paper at hand is to shed some light on the issues regarding the gender issue globally, the status of women in Jordan, challenges of women's empowerment and recent developments in the country, and finally identifies the main factors affecting women's participation in the labor market. In an attempt to address the position of women in development analysis and policy, the research will stand back from much of the literature to look more closely at gender relations from an historical perspective. RESEARCH PROBLEM The paper's main focus is to explore the factors that hinder women's participation in the private sector in Jordan. Therefore, this paper tries to assess the basic factors that hinder women's empowerment and the role of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This paper is based on a desk review of primary and secondary sources and on the conducting assessment interviews with various stakeholders. …
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".