Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression in Murine Lupus-Like Nephritis Induced by Lipopolysaccharide
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM) are thought to play important roles in leukocyte recruitment to the kidney. We therefore chose to study mesangial cell adhesion molecule expression in vitro, and the role of these molecules in experimental lupus-like nephritis. METHODS AND RESULTS: When cultured murine mesangial cells were stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFgamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), mRNA levels for ICAM-1 and VCAM markedly increased. These molecules were detected at the cell surface by flow cytometry. Since lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates TNFalpha and IFgamma production in vivo, we treated mice with Streptococcus minnesota LPS in order to study renal adhesion molecule expression. LPS treatment induced mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis characterized by leukocyte infiltration, and increases in total glomerular cellularity, volume and matrix area. mRNA levels for ICAM-1 and VCAM were increased in the kidneys of LPS-treated versus control mice. ICAM-1 and VCAM molecules were constitutively expressed in renal vascular endothelium. At 3 and 5 weeks, this vascular staining intensified, and some ICAM-1 and VCAM expression was induced in the glomerular mesangium. ICAM-1 and VCAM induction occurred early and correlated in time with leukocyte infiltration. CONCLUSION: Interactions between cell adhesion molecules expressed by intrinsic glomerular cells and infiltrating leukocytes play a role in the initiation of LPS-induced lupus-like nephritis. These observations are potentially relevant to the understanding and treatment of certain types of human glomerulonephritis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.035 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".